Tenir le coup - French Expression

Expression: Tenir le coup Pronunciation: [ teu neer leu koo] Meaning: to cope, hold up, handle, make it through; to stay the course Literal translation: to hold the blow Register: normal Notes The French expression tenir le coup can be used for both people and things. For people, tenir le coup means to cope with a difficult situation. For things, it indicates that something is holding up, such as evidence or the economy. Examples   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ãƒâ€¡a a à ©tà © un choc atroce, mais il tient le coup.   Ã‚  Ã‚  It was a terrible shock, but hes coping.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je ne pense pas que là ©conomie puisse tenir le coup.   Ã‚  Ã‚  I dont think the economy can hold up. More Expressions with tenirExpressions with coupMost common French phrases

The Legalization of Assisted Suicide - 1291 Words

Assisted Suicide has through out history caused controversy among our society. There are two sides to this issue, one that passionately supports it, and those who religiously disagree. I believe that assisted suicide should become legal for several reasons. Assisted suicide gives individuals the right to end their suffering when they personally feel that their time has come to die. Assisted suicide should become legal because if one can decide to put an animal out of its misery, why shouldn’t that person have the same right to put themselves out of their own misery if that hardship came upon them. Though the topic may seem morbid, dying people in grave medical circumstances have rights. It’s important we recognize their right to end their own suffering and respect the very personal decisions these people are forced to make. It is legal for humans to decide whether or not their pet should be euthanized. These reasons may vary. According to Pet Euthanasia, people decide t o put their animals down because, of inconveniences, living changes, and severe sicknesses. The owner of a pet may move their home to a different location. Many different places have different rules that may vary one including not allowing pets. In this case some owners decide to euthanize their beloved pet to simply get rid of a problem. An owner may also come across inconveniences due to their pet. For example, when leaving for a relaxing holiday vacation, the cost to board your pet would cost too much.Show MoreRelatedThe Legalization Of Assisted Suicide1280 Words   |  6 PagesSupreme Court ruled that there is neither a constitutional right nor a constitutional prohibition of assisted suicide. This ruling allowed for Oregon state to begin to â€Å"experimenting† with the legalization. Though, the majority of states continue to stand firmly behind their decision on the legalization of assisted suicide. On one hand, people find this issue to be unethical, that assisted sui cide only exterminates the possibility of recovery. On the other hand, people believe that patients who haveRead MoreThe Legalization Of Assisted Suicide1650 Words   |  7 PagesWhile suicide itself is no longer considered a crime within the United States, physician-assisted suicide remains illegal. This practice, despite being closely related, varies from euthanasia. These two practices are distinguished by who administers the lethal dose that kills the patient; euthanasia is administered by a doctor whereas assisted suicide is the patient’s voluntary consumption of a fatal medication that was prescribed by a doctor. Despite the variation, both practices are currently consideredRead MoreThe Legalization Of Assisted Suicide2314 Words   |  10 PagesThe ongoing disagreements within the legalization of Assisted Suicide are never ending. In the modern healthcare field, assisted suicide has many problems faced upon the unsafe environments and the abuse within the laws provide d. As we live on a day to day basis, new and improved technologies shape the medical field. It is the professional s job to be up to date on what is going on whether it is the physical issues or world matters. Most see assisted suicide as a terrible form to go about takingRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide976 Words   |  4 Pagesmake the last months of a person’s life as comfortable as possible, ultimately palliative and hospice care become ineffective in helping with the excruciating pain. Thus, the legalization of physician assisted suicide provides a compassionate death while preserving the concept of patient autonomy. Physician-assisted suicide enables terminally ill patients to die comfortably and peacefully in their own homes. Terminally ill patients suffer through constant pain in their final months, and there remainsRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1265 Words   |  6 PagesParker March, 14, 2015 Assisted Suicide Introduction There are several ethical and legal issues that are raised by the majority concerning the legalization of physician assisted suicide and the role of nurses in the process. Assisted suicide is a legal act of assisting those who are suffering from a deadly illness in ending their lives by providing them the means to do it (Griffith, 2014). Netherland was the first country to legalize physician assisted suicide. In 1994, Oregon becameRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1720 Words   |  7 PagesIt is obvious discussing physician-assisted suicide is a very controversial issue that is discussed daily by those who wish to die to avoid loss of dignity and also by those who think it is unethical. For physician-assisted suicide to even be considered, the patient must be of sound mind when they are requesting death with dignity. Physician-assisted suicide should be a legal option for people who are unable to end their own lives. However, there should be safeg uards to prevent any sort of abuseRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide1984 Words   |  8 PagesAnthony Zhang 4.29.15 Period 3B Living in Pain or Death with Dignity The legalization of physician assisted suicide (PAS) in Oregon in 1994 changed the face of the argument between those who believe in death with dignity and those who believe in letting nature take its course. It was a major victory for PAS advocates as the first state in America had legalized PAS in the country’s history. In 2008, the neighboring state of Washington followed suit with a similar law and legalized PAS by a 58-42Read MoreLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is2900 Words   |  12 PagesLEGALIZATION OF ASSISTED SUICIDE IN THE U.S. Currently, physician-assisted suicide or death is illegal in all states except Oregon, Vermont, Montana and Washington. Present law in other states express that suicide is not a crime, but assisting in suicide is. Supporters of legislation legalizing assisted suicide claim that the moral right to life should encompass the right to voluntary death. Opponents of assisted suicide claim that society has a moral and civic duty to preserve the lives of innocentRead MoreLegalization Of Physician Assisted Suicide820 Words   |  4 Pages In February 6, 2015, the Supreme Court of Canada made a momentous decision that would legalize physician-assisted death within a year. Physician-assisted suicide (PAS), in simple words, means doctors prescribe a lethal dose of medication that patients take themselves. The question that whether the Criminal Code provisions should prohibit physician-assisted suicide has been discussed in public for several decades. Actually, decriminalizing PAS may cause some sorts of abuses, but not decriminalizingRead MoreThe Need for the Legalization of Physician-Assisted Suicide2485 Words   |  10 Pagesprevent death. Many people turn to a procedure known as Physician-Assisted suicide, a process by which a doctor aids in ending a terminally ill patient’s life. This procedure is painless and effective, allowing patients to control their death and alleviate unnecessary suffering. In spite of these benefits, Physician-Assisted suicide is illegal in many places both nationally and internationally. Despite the fact that Physician-Assisted suicide is opposed by many Americans and much of the world on ethical

Do Spin in Political Marketing Destroy Democracy Free Essays

It is possible to encounter political marketing in democratic societies because politicians sell their ideas to public. The more buyers they gain, the higher probability they win elections. While bargaining their ideas, politicians will do whatever needed to be elected. We will write a custom essay sample on Do Spin in Political Marketing Destroy Democracy? or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Spin† is one of the things done during election eves to obtain more votes, for instance. These can ruin the democracy in such countries. For democracy to work properly, individuals should vote under no control of anyone and with clear opinions about politicians. To say that democracy exists, high percentage of public should participate in the elections by voting, as well. The main reason of this essay is to question whether or not political marketing and spin ruin democracy. Understanding it is crucial in taking necessary cautions for democracy to work. If those are really harmful to democracy, then they should be treated as the enemy of democracy. In this essay, every important impact of political marketing and spin to democracy will be examined and demonstrated how significant they are. To do these, this essay will start with the effects of â€Å"spin†, continue with the inequalities among politicians that political marketing causes and the importance of floating voters, which are bad for democracy, and finally, end with explaining how political marketing could be useful for democracy even if this usefulness pales in comparison to these bad impacts. â€Å"Spin† in political marketing gives wrong opinions about parties to voters and that contribute to ruining democracy. Politicians intend to gain political advantage and to do this; they resort to deceiving their potential and current voters. Spin† is one of the most moving things they do. To explain what â€Å"spin† is, David L. Martinson gives an advertisement example, which is quite appropriate and successful for this topic (2001). In that advertisement, the advertisers claimed that one slice of their bread contained fewer calories than any other bread’s slice. What makes this an e xample of spin is that they didn’t mention how thin these slices were cut. By doing that, they would make their consumers buy the breads so that they can lose weight. Martinson also says that this company didn’t have to share all the details with their consumers but had to present that significant detail (ibid. ). Likewise in politics, politicians avoid to tell some facts so they obtain more votes. After being deceived by the politicians who spin information, the public will vote for them in order to meet their expectations. However, after these politicians are elected, those who vote for them can’t find what they have expected. So, actually these people voted for different ideas and promises, and now are governed by others, which is definitely not a democratic process. To give an example of this in politics, Nick Clegg and his promises about tuition fees can be chosen. Everyone who had voted especially for this problem couldn’t receive any solution they expected. What they were expecting while electing him was lowered tuition fees, meaning he was the one who’ll provide lower tuition fees for the voters, but he actually was a different politician. In short, â€Å"spin† ruins democracy because it prevents people to vote for the right party by deceiving them. Political marketing promotes inequality among politicians regarding to financial resources and/or being good seller, and these make being elected nearly impossible for some politicians who lack of financial resources and advertising skills, meaning this causes an incomplete, ruined democracy. Firstly, being a successful advertiser is more important that being a good governor. McNair puts the significance of advertising skills in political marketing. He thinks that Ronald Reagan was successful because of his actor’s training. He also gives the example of Michael Foot. He says that Foot was a great thinker and an intellectual party manager but not able to fit the televisions. Because of this, he was replaced by someone who fits the televisions better (2011). McNair can’t refer to any sources because of the subjectivity of those. However, considering the general knowledge, it can easily be said that he is right. These examples show that being a good seller is more important than being a good thinker, meaning those who don’t have seller skills don’t have chances to be elected. Secondly, money has a significant role in elections. McNair explains the importance of money in politics with these words: â€Å"Political power becomes something which can be bought rather than won in a democratic contest. † (2011, p. 37) He strengthens this statement by giving the Goldsmith example. This example shows how right he is. He also adds that money can be used to buy creativity and innovation to make political communication effective. Similarly, with money, politicians can put themselves everywhere such as on TV, posters on streets. In short, with money, successful advertisements can be applied to public. Likewise, politicians can give money to the press and the media or buy them to influence public because the press and the media usually have more influence on public than any political advertising (O’Shaughnessy, 2001). Those who don’t have enough financial sources don’t have advantage as much as the ones who have enough sources. In conclusion, there are some inequalities among politicians such as financial resources and advertising skills that make some politicians have some advantages that enable them to win elections although there might be better governors that the public would choose. Floating voters can determine the results of an election and making only these votes change by political marketing can ruin democracy. According to the studies McNair refers to, only few people change their votes because of political advertising (Diamond and Bates, 1984 in McNair, 2011). At first, this statement may seem to tell that political advertising doesn’t work and it can’t possibly ruin democracy but it does. Floating voters have a crucial role in elections. They can determine the results of elections in democratic societies even though they form a small percentage of the population in a country. This makes them the most important and an easy target of political marketing. Effecting or manipulating a small group of people is way easier than crowds because some weak points of these people can easily be known and used appropriately to regulate them. Therefore, when advertisements come into play, they will be quite successful and change their audiences’ votes. This leads to the destruction of democracy because politicians eventually get what they want through political marketing. To summarize, floating voters, who may be the determining factor of an election, are very susceptible to political advertising and can, therefore, be controlled easily by political marketing, which ruins democracy. Despite all these bad effects of political marketing for democracy, there are positive side-effects of it that help democracy to work such as increasing participation in elections; variety of ideas, opinions, romises; and knowledge about various political ideas. When a politician uses political advertising, another one also uses it in order not to be left behind in the competition, another does the same with the same reason and so forth. This chain makes political advertising and, therefore, politics everywhere and the main agenda of the days. Because of this, everyone hears about politics and attains a political opinion unconsciously or not and goes to vote for a party. This may not be the aim of political marketing, but it increases participation of people in elections. It helps democracy to work properly because the more people say their opinions the better democracy there will be. Other than participation, politicians are now obliged to give what people want. As Scammel writes down on his essay in a convincing and clear way, as the possibilities of transforming information increases, consumers choose what they want but not what producers want (Scammel, M. , ND). In politics, political marketing is the tool that increases the possibilities of transforming information, consumers are public and producers are politicians. When there is no political marketing, people have to vote for only what are thought for them before and this may not result beneficially for these people and democracy. Likewise, political marketing helps ideas and opinions to be heard. As politicians’ competitions take place in agenda, people keep hearing and reading about them, their ideas and promises. Thus, they can encounter various opinions and find what is the most appropriate for them. To sum up, participation and voting for the appropriate party is important for democracy and political marketing help them maintain or increase. In conclusion, â€Å"Spin† and political marketing ruins democracy in general. Firstly, spin gives wrong opinions about politicians to people. People can’t elect the governor they want due to obfuscations. Secondly, due to political marketing, there are some inequalities among politicians. Some are good advertisers, some have a vast amount of financial resources and some have them both. The ones lacking of these cannot possibly win elections even if they are good governors and who public would want. Thirdly, politicians can win elections easily by effecting floating voters, who are usually minorities in most of the countries. Political advertisers can easily determine the result of an election by affecting these minorities. All of these three ruin democracy. Despite those, there are some ways that don’t ruin democracy but help it work. Political marketing may increase participation in elections and it can enable political opinions and ideas to be known. However, these good sides of political marketing are not enough to suppress the bad impacts, meaning political marketing and spin have strong negative impacts on democracy even though they have some positive impacts. 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Blue Ocean Strategy free essay sample

Blue ocean strategy is a book of business strategy by W. Chan Kim and Renà ©e Mauborgne. The blue ocean strategy explains how to move your business into new markets with less competition and greater profitability. The book is basically divided into three main parts. The first part covers some important concepts of blue ocean strategy such as value innovation, differentiation and low cost and key analytical tools and frameworks used in this strategy. The second part explains the four steps of blue ocean strategy formulation. The main idea behind this book is to present an organized framework for identifying and implementing out of the box and never been thought before blue ocean strategies. If one is capable of thinking out of the box, something other than a traditional strategy then it will enable us in formulating a blue ocean. The basic idea of blue ocean strategy is to reconstruct market boundaries to break from the competition and create blue oceans. We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Ocean Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The main idea behind consisted of two parts: first was to discover whether systematic patterns existed in reconstructing market boundaries and secondly whether r not these applied to all kinds of businesses and industry sectors. The researchers found six basic approaches also called six paths framework for reconstructing market boundaries. These six approaches challenge the traditional six assumptions involved in formulating strategies which lead to creating red oceans. They proceed by emphasizing on the fact that the companies should break out of these boundaries which they define by themselves on how to compete. Path One: Look across alternative industries The first path for a company is not only to compete with firms in its own industry but it should also consider the firms in alternative industries offering such products and services which have different functions and forms but serve the same purpose. One such example is that of Net Jets which came up with the idea of fractional jet ownership. Net Jets created a multi billion dollar Blue Ocean of private jets and commercial travel which offered low variable and fixed costs as compared to commercial airline travelling and thus it created a entirely new market and was the only  survivor and market leader of all the 57 new entrants. Similar example is that of NTT DoCoMo which broke out of Red Ocean of intense competition by breaking the tradeoff between the alternatives. Path Two: Look across different strategic groups within industries The second path given by Blue Ocean is to get out of the competition by looking across different strategic groups. In this context the different companies in an industry working on a similar strategy fall under one strategic group and others in different strategic groups. And in this highly intense and competitive market the key to creating a Blue Ocean across different strategic groups is to break out of these by creating a better understanding of the factors that determine customers’ decision to trade up or down from one group to another. A very good example given here is that of Curves which is a women fitness company, broke out of the completion by building on the advantages of both the traditional health clubs and the home exercise programs. Other examples are that of Ralph Lauren, Toyota Lexus, Sony Walkman and Champion Enterprises which created Blue Oceans by breaking out of their strategic groups by offering the advantages of both the strategic groups of their industries that resulted in their success. Path Three: Look across Chain of Buyers In most of the industries it has been a trend to target only a single type of buyer. However there is a chain of buyers which includes the purchasers, the actual users and some times also the influencers. Each of these three groups of buyers may seem similar to the seller but actually they are different as they provide different value. Conventionally different industries focus only on a single customer segment and think that they are the only possible target customers, however it is a wrong approach and they need to think out of the box which can lead to creating new Blue Oceans. Novo Nordisk a Danish insulin producing company created a Blue Ocean in the insulin industry. Previously Nordisk like all other pharmaceuticals focused only on doctors which are the influencers. But Novo Nordisk came up with the idea of Novo Pen which was easy to use and was targeted directly at the end users that is the diabetes patients. This helped them in creating a blue ocean and continuous improvement and advancement in their offering resulted in  maintaining their Blue Ocean success. Path Four: Look across complementary product and service offerings This path explains that the importance of complementary products and services should never be overlooked as the untapped value is often hidden in them. Providing the facilities of baby sitting and car parking are complementary to movie theatres. NABI made use of the fiberglass instead of steel body buses and had a huge impact on lowering the maintenance and other costs and created a Blue Ocean in the bus industry. Philips created the kettle with a mouth filter and Barns and Noble came up with knowledgeable staff in their lounging were such complementary products and service which were revolutionary. Path Five: Look across functional or emotional appeal to buyers There are different types of appealing strategies that are adopted by companies to appeal the customers. Some of these are functional while others are emotional. The different examples discussed in this case are the Cemex (Mexican Cement Company) and QB house (Japanese Barber shop) which created Blue Oceans by appealing their customers through different functional and emotional offerings. Path Six: Look across time This path illustrates that how important it is to have foresight and keep in mind the changes that are to take place with passage of time. This can be done by looking across the time in terms of the value a market delivers today to the value it may deliver tomorrow. Apple capitalized on the changing trend in the music industry and came up with ITunes music store for its IPod which also helped it in stopping illegal selling of music and creating a Blue Ocean. Cisco Systems also looked ahead of time and accounted for the growing demand of high speed data exchange with its routers, switches and other networking devices. 2. Focus on the Big Picture, Not the Numbers Traditionally what most of the strategies lack is that they don’t think out of the box and thus lack the view of the big picture and thus they key is to create a strategy canvas to arrive at a Blue Ocean. Drawing Your Strategy Canvas Drawing a strategy canvas has never been an easy to do job. It involves  identifying the key factors of competition which can be done by assessing that to what extent your company and its competitors offer the most competing factors and what are the actions that are being taken by you and your competitors. This process after the implementation of six step model involves steps in visualizing strategy which are as follows: Step One: Visual Awakening The process of visual awakening is very important to change the mind set of such people especially the executives who are resistant to change and like the status quo. However this problem can be overcome by asking such people to draw the value curve of their company’s strategy which will trigger the need for change in their minds and thus they will be inclined towards change and will come up with new and different strategies. Step Two: Visual Exploration The wakeup call was just the first step. The next step is to send team it to field, putting managers face to face with customers and experiencing by themselves what problems they have with their products and services and what are their perceptions. This task should not be outsourced as it is very important to see these things by your self rather than letting others do the work of your eyes. They should observe their customers (existing, lost and new ones) as well the customers of their competitors and then come back and analyze their strategies. Step Three: Visual Strategy fair In the third step of visualizing strategy the teams are asked to draw six new curves of strategy and create a compelling tagline which can emphasize the strategy in a better way. After that the teams are asked to present them and on the basis of feedback and discussion the new curves for strategy are formulated. Step Four: Visual Communication The last step is to communicate the newly formulated future strategy to employees in an easy and understandable manner. This can be done by distributing one pager showing old and the new strategies to the employees and then can be discussed with every one. 3. Reach beyond Existing Demand The third principle for creating Blue Ocean is to reach beyond the existing demand. This to increase the demand for a new offering and two strategies are followed by companies to achieve this goal. One is to focus on existing markets and customers and the other is to target finer markets or customer segments to accommodate buyer differences. Another important concept explained here is to maximize the size of Blue Ocean, which says that once the Blue Ocean has been created the next step is to maximize its size. For this purpose companies instead of focusing on their customers try to focus on the non-customers by taking the reverse approach which allows the companies to unlock mass of customers and demand which did not exist before. Callaway Golf is one such company which created demand for its offering by focusing on its non-customers. The Three Tiers of Non-Customers According to Blue Ocean strategy there are three different tiers of non-customers that can be converted in to customers which are as follows: i. The first tier of non-customers is closest to market sitting on its edge waiting to jump ship and shift to another industry as soon as the opportunity knocks. ii. The second tier is of customers who refuse to use you offerings. These are buyers who have used your industry offerings just as an option to fulfill their needs but have often voted against them. iii. The third tier is of non-customers who are farthest from your market and have never thought or considered of using you industry offerings as an option and can only be attracted by focusing on commonalities. 4. Get the Strategic Sequence Right The fourth principle of formulating the Blue Ocean strategy is to get the strategic sequence right. This principle focuses on building robust business models to ensure healthy profits based on Blue Ocean strategy. Blue ocean strategy free essay sample I find this book, Blue Ocean Strategy: How to Create Uncontested market Space and Make the Competition Irrelevant, is very informative. The only thing that I am not very fond of the book is that there’s too much repetition in the book until I got bored going through the 230 or so pages. W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne focus and elaborate most of the content of the book with what they passionately believe as the best organizational strategy for companies to create growth and profits. Even though the book was first published in 2005, the contents are still relevant and can still be applied in the marketing world. We will write a custom essay sample on Blue ocean strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For the contents of this book, W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne had researched more than fifteen (15) years, spanned from more than a hundred (100) years of data and reviewed a series of Harvard Business Review articles. The authors came up with the idea of â€Å"blue oceans† and â€Å"red oceans† in the marketing world. Their research reveals that when the market space is crowded and becomes very competitive, the potential for one to grow and make profit is very much reduced and this area is defined as the â€Å"red oceans†. â€Å"Blue oceans†, on the other hand, are created new market space where success is achieved through innovation, and defined by identifying new demands with significant opportunity for highly profitable growth. The companies that focus on ‘value innovation’, implement the blue ocean approach, and offer the customers with new reasons to purchase, are able to enjoy the increase in their sales. W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne agree that to find a blue ocean is not an easy task. But in this book, the authors explain how to systematically create and capture blue oceans. One of their case studies focusses on the success story of Cirque du Soleil, an entertainment company in the circus industry which was established in 1984. For hundreds of years, circuses offer the tents, lions, tigers, bears, clowns, and acrobatic acts. Ringling Bros. and Barnum Bailey, the global champion of circus industry, was in the red ocean and in a declining circus industry and struggled to survive. Cirque du Soleil developed a blue ocean by offering the audience with fun of the circus and sophistication of the theater, artistic music and dance. Cirque du Soleil created a new market space, by blending opera and ballet with the circus format while eliminating star performers and animals. It earned billions and created a blue ocean. Kim and Mauborgne argue that companies that remain in the area where many industries are competing with each other and always make improvements on the products and services to gain greater share from the customers, will be unable to sustain in the market for long unless they opt to plunge into blue oceans. In the book the authors present six (6) principles of creating the blue ocean strategy. The explanation of the six principles and description of the adoption of these principles by companies, build the main content of this book. Kim and Mauborgne identified six (6) principles to be adopted in order for industries to generate growth and profit. The first four (4) principles are the steps required to formulate the blue ocean strategy. They are: i. Reconstruct market boundaries ii. Focus on the big picture, not the numbers iii. Reach beyond existing demand iv. Get the strategic sequence right The last two (2) principles provide the tools to implement the new strategies. They are: v. Overcome key organizational hurdles vi. Build execution into strategy In the book the authors describe each of the six principles in detail and draw the attention of the readers to the relationship between the success stories and the strategy that is being formulated and executed which Kim and Mauborgne termed as â€Å"Blue Ocean Strategy†. In this review I extract some of the concepts narrated by Kim and Mauborgne. Reconstruct Market Boundaries is the first principle. This principle requires a reevaluation of the industry’s surroundings, and creation of uncontested market space for the company’s business. This is to open up a blue ocean. Kim and Mauborgne elaborate the six paths to remaking market boundaries i. e. looking across alternative industries, looking across strategic groups, looking across buyer groups, looking across complementary product and service offerings, looking across the functional-emotional orientation of an industry, and looking across time. Focus On The Big Picture, Not the Numbers is the second principle. According to Kim and Mauborgne, many existing companies focus on the numbers (i. e. the cost of marketing and the projected profit margins) and too involve into making changes that keep them competing in the red oceans. Kim and Mauborgne suggest that to create blue oceans, the managers have to think what the customers really want from the organization and how the organization processes can provide the customers with successful outcomes. Kim and Mauborgne believe that the managers should focus on the big picture, using an approach which they termed as visualizing approach. This principle proposes a four-step strategy planning to create blue ocean. The visual approach involves visual awakening, visual exploration, visual strategy fair, and visual communication. Reach Beyond Existing Demand is the third principle which addresses scale risk. The conventional strategy practice is more focus on segmenting the existing customers into smaller groups so as to better meet their needs. To maximize the size of the blue ocean, Kim and Mauborgne suggest to focus on the commonalities across noncustomers and not to dwell into customers’ differences. Get The Strategic Sequence Right is the fourth principle. This principle addresses business model risk. Kim and Mauborgne describe in detail the strategic sequence of validating the blue ocean ideas. This is to ensure that the business model that is planned will be profitable. The strategic sequence mentioned is as follows: buyer utility, price, cost, and lastly adoption hurdles. Overcome Key Organizational Hurdles is the fifth principle. This principle addresses the organizational risk. Kim and Mauborgne point out that to execute the blue ocean strategy successfully, the managers need to overcome the four (4) organizational hurdles that are very challenging. The first hurdle is cognitive hurdle of the company’s staff readiness to accept the need for change, the shift into blue ocean strategy, the second is limited resources hurdle, the third hurdle is motivation hurdle on how to handle the unmotivated staff especially the company key personnel to move fast and determinedly, and the final hurdle is politics. Successful execution of the blue ocean can only be achieved when all internal departmental differences is resolved. Build Execution Into Strategy is the sixth principle. This principle addresses the management risk. The organization needs to create a culture of trust and commitment that can motivate the people to implement and accept the blue oceans strategy whole heartedly. Kim and Mauborgne research shows that fair process is vital to the success of blue oceans implementation. Everyone in the organization, at all levels, have important role to play in the success execution of the blue oceans strategy. After reading the book, I can summarize the idea behind the Blue Ocean Strategy in two main statements which are: ( a) instead of competing in a crowded and competitive market (red oceans), companies should turn to explore new uncontested market space (blue oceans), (b) Value Innovation is a process that can create value to the customers and the company. These ideas are fine to me, and I like it. As I’ve mentioned earlier in the 1st paragraph, the only thing that I’m not fond of the book is that there’s too many repetitive statements, whereas the whole idea in the book is just as I’ve summarized in the earlier statement of this paragraph. It is too tiresome to complete the book. One thing I like about the book is that Kim and Mauborgne use many examples and cases of successful companies executing excellent strategies that are exemplary. The stories of the success of the industries are very inspiring as compared to the theories of the Blue Oceans. Kim and Mauborgne strongly believe that the success of the industries that are studied demonstrate how to get out of the red oceans and dive into the blue oceans strategic thinking. In the book Kim and Mauborgne only elaborate on the blue ocean strategic thinking based on many successful industries. I begin to wonder how many companies that formulate and execute blue ocean strategy fail to grow their companies’ demands and profits, in other words the blue ocean strategy FAILS!!! If it does, then the theory is not fully grounded. The book does not make case studies or make any deduction on companies that execute blue ocean strategy but fail. Nevertheless the successful stories of the companies are very inspiring to me. Anyway, I wish to include in this review of my country, Malaysia, using the principles suggested by Kim and Mauborgne to formulate and execute blue ocean strategy , customized to the Government’s mission and vision, in the Government’s Transformation Program (GTP). In order to achieve the goal of Malaysia becoming a high-income, low-tax and happy country, the government adopted a unique Malaysian model of national development which is based on the reconstruction approach of Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS). The National Blue Ocean Strategy (NBOS) was developed with the intention to motivate the economic growth and happiness simultaneously through the multiplication of resources and the reconstruction of borders, while lowering taxes for people. About fifty five (55) initiatives involving more than eighty (80) government agencies have been implemented using the National Blue Ocean Strategy (NBOS) concept to date, which have benefited the people and touched their lives at a more personal level. The Finance Ministry, in its 2013/2014 Economic Report, said that the NBOS was boldly introduced into the civil service by Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak in 2009 to advocate thinking out of the box to implement projects and programs, as well as address issues confronting the economy. Among the ongoing NBOS initiatives were urban transformation centres (UTC), rural transformation centres (RTC), collaboration between military and police to fight crime, 1Malaysia for Youth (1M4U), 1Malaysia Family Care (1MFC) and My Beautiful Neighbourhood (MyBN) (Times, 2013). Initiative using NBOS was also introduced in the collaboration between the police and armed forces in combating crime while at the same time reducing government expenditure and maximizing resources The joint military-police program saw policemen undergoing training in military camps. The Home Minister Datuk Seri Dr Ahmad Zahid Hamidi said that more measures would be in place to strengthen the police and armed forces collaboration as part of the National Blue Ocean Strategy. There are currently seventeen (17) National Blue Ocean strategies in place and several new measures to further strengthen collaboration between the Home and Defence ministries are also the initiatives using. Blue Ocean Strategy free essay sample Competing in overcrowded industries is no way to sustain high performance. The real opportunity is to create blue oceans of uncontested market space. Blue Ocean Strategy by W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne Included with this full-text Harvard Business Review article: 70 Article Summary The Idea in Brief—the core idea The Idea in Practice—putting the idea to work 71 Blue Ocean Strategy 80 Further Reading A list of related materials, with annotations to guide further exploration of the article’s ideas and applications Reprint R0410D Blue Ocean Strategy The Idea in Brief The best way to drive profitable growth? Stop competing in overcrowded industries. In those red oceans, companies try to outperform rivals to grab bigger slices of existing demand. As the space gets increasingly crowded, profit and growth prospects shrink. Products become commoditized. Ever-more-intense competition turns the water bloody. How to avoid the fray? Kim and Mauborgne recommend creating blue oceans— uncontested market spaces where the competition is irrelevant. We will write a custom essay sample on Blue Ocean Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In blue oceans, you invent and capture new demand, and you offer customers a leap in value while also streamlining your costs. Results? We chose to show American industries because they represented the largest and leastregulated market during our study period. The pattern of blue ocean creations exempli? ed by these three industries is consistent with what we observed in the other industries in our study. harvard business review †¢ october 2004 page 73 Blue Ocean Strategy Key blue ocean creations Was the blue ocean created by a new Was it driven by entrant or an technology pioneering incumbent? or value pioneering? New entrant Value pioneering* (mostly existing technologies) Value pioneering (some new technologies) Value pioneering (some new technologies) At the time of the blue ocean creation, was the industry attractive or unattractive? Unattractive Automobiles Ford Model T Unveiled in 1908, the Model T was the ? rst mass-produced car, priced so that many Americans could afford it. GM’s â€Å"car for every purse and purpose† GM created a blue ocean in 1924 by injecting fun and fashion into the car. Incumbent Attractive Japanese fuel-ef? cient autos Japanese automakers created a blue ocean in the mid-1970s with small, reliable lines of cars. Incumbent Unattractive Chrysler minivan With its 1984 minivan, Chrysler created a new class of automobile that was as easy to use as a car but had the passenger space of a van. Incumbent Value pioneering (mostly existing technologies) Unattractive Computers CTR’s tabulating machine In 1914, CTR created the business machine industry by simplifying, modularizing, and leasing tabulating machines. CTR later changed its name to IBM. Incumbent Value pioneering (some new technologies) Unattractive IBM 650 electronic computer and System/360 In 1952, IBM created the business computer industry by simplifying and reducing the power and price of existing technology.

Kiss The Hype Essays - Kiss, Wicked Lester, Peter Criss,

Kiss The Hype What is hype? Hype is defined as promotional publicity of an extravagant or contrived kind. It is used to lure the consumer to a certain product or an event of some kind. The competition for the consumer's attention is intense and even desperate at times. Throughout the 1970's, there was a vast machinery of hype surrounding the music industry. Some of what came out of it was original and imaginative, but some was deceptive and outrageous. Whatever it was, it was all aimed at the consumer. The rock group Kiss has been performing for over twenty-six years. In that time, they have sold over ninety million albums, amassed legions of fans, and sold out stadiums around the world. There is a reason for the extraordinary success of Kiss. It has something to do with their music, but it has more to do with the way they are hyped and packaged. So lets unwrap that package. In 1972, Gene Simmons was a sixth grade school teacher in New York City. With guitarist Paul Stanley, he formed a band called Wicked Lester that played in small clubs and bars around New York. That band quickly failed. "Wicked Lester just wasn't the deadly rock n' roll assault squad they had always wanted" (Kitts 12). But Simmons and Stanley felt they could and would become stars. They invested in some large equipment and decided to start a major rock band. From the hordes of drummers, they chose Peter Criss, who had been advertising himself in New York newspapers. They auditioned over thirty guitarists and cho se Ace Frehley, who had been delivering liquor for a living. The band was formed and now came the time to sell it. The key step was to persuade Bill Aucoin, director of the television show Flipside, to take over the management of the band. Kiss emphasized style over substance and went heavy on trappings. Makeup came first. It set them apart from everyone else and gave them an aura of mystery. Each member developed his own alter ego. It was the first of many Kiss gimmicks that worked. The costumes came next, complete with black leather, aluminum studs, and seven-inch platform heels. They never allowed themselves to be photographed out of character. "The hype was self-perpetuating. The more Kiss's identities were shielded, the more interest there was in trying to photograph them" (Lendt 40). By 1978, Kiss was the highest grossing live act in the world. Their concerts became main attractions for millions of people. Kiss's formula for success was simple: hit the audience so hard, with a barrage of gimmicks, stunts, and theatrics, that they will not be able to forget you. Everything was intended to project power. The double s's at the end of the Kiss logo were designed to look like lightening bolts. The stage was equipped with drum risers, platforms, and a towering electric sign with a gigantic lit up Kiss logo. A high point, or "hype" point, in the show came when Gene Simmons, the demon, would breathe fire. Another "hype" point would come when Simmons vomited blood. For Kiss, their concerts were the best commercials for their albums. Kiss had to make their way in the 1970's without the help of radio. There were virtually no stations in the country that would play their music. Instead, they promoted themselves in other ways. They permitted no promotional possibility to slip away. Kiss sold t-shirts, hats, belt buckles, puzzles, dolls, jackets, pictures, posters, comic books, and virtually any and everything they could put their logo on. "In some ways it epitomized just how big and different we were that a lot of other bands" (Stanley, Kiss Extreme Close-up). They used all of this promotion to sell records. In the music business, this sort of thing is called, not without reason, exploitation. Kiss is one of the best examples of hype in the music industry. Without their image, along with the package, they might not have ever made it out of the clubs and bars. Few imitators have attempted to copy or adapt the Kiss formula's obvious appeal, and certainly none have surpassed Kiss's success at capitalizing on that formula. In time, Kiss may one day be permanently

Friedrich St.Florian, About the WWII Memorial Designer

Friedrich St.Florian, About the WWII Memorial Designer Friedrich St.Florian (born December 21, 1932 in Graz, Austria) is widely known for only one work, the National World War II Memorial. His influence on American architecture is mainly from his teaching, first at Columbia University in 1963, and then a lifetime career at the Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) in Providence, Rhode Island. St.Florians long teaching career places him at the head of the class for mentoring student architects. He is often called a Rhode Island architect, although this is an over-simplification of his world vision.  Settling in the United States in 1967 and a naturalized citizen since 1973, St.Florian has been called a visionary and theoretical architect for his futuristic drawings. St. Florians approach to design melds the theoretical (philosophical) with the practical (pragmatic). He believes that one must explore the philosophical background, define the problem, and then resolve the problem with a timeless design. His design philosophy includes this statement: We approach architectural design as a process that begins with exploration of philosophical underpinnings leading to concept ideas that will be subjected to vigorous testing. To us, how a problem is defined is critical to its resolution. Architectural design is the process of distillation that purifies the confluence of circumstances and ideals. We deal with pragmatic as well as fundamental concerns. In the end, the proposed design solutions are expected to reach beyond utilitarian considerations and stand as an artistic statement of timeless value. St.Florian (who leaves no space within his last name) earned a Masters Degree in Architecture (1958) at Technische Universadad in Graz, Austria, before receiving a Fullbright to study in the U.S. In 1962 he earned a Master of Science Degree in Architecture from Columbia University in New York City, and then headed to New England. While at RISD, he received a Fellowship to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts from 1970 until 1976, becoming a licensed architect in 1974. St.Florian established Friedrich St.Florian Architects in Providence, Rhode Island in 1978. Principal Works St.Florians projects, like most architects, fall into at least two categories - works that got built and those that didnt. In Washington, D.C., the 2004 World War II Memorial (1997-2004) stands center stage on the National Mall, in site of the Lincoln Memorial and the Washington Monument. Closer to his own hometown, one finds many projects in and around Providence, Rhode Island, including the Sky Bridge (2000), the Pratt Hill Town Houses (2005), the House on College Hill (2009), and his own home, the St.Florian Residence, completed in 1989. Many, many architects (most architects) have design plans that are never built. Sometimes they are competition entries that dont win, and sometimes they are theoretical buildings or architecture of the mind - sketches of what if? Some of St.Florians unbuilt designs include the 1972 Georges Pompidour Centre for the Visual Arts, Paris, France (Second Prize with Raimund Abraham); the 1990 Matthson Public Library, Chicago, Illinois (Honorable Mention with Peter Twombly); the 2000 Monument to the Third Millennium; the 2001 National Opera House, Oslo, Norway (compare with the completed Oslo Opera House by the Norwegian architecture firm Snà ¸hetta); the 2008 Vertical Mechanical Parking; and the 2008 House of Arts and Culture (HAC), Beirut, Lebanon. About Theoretical Architecture All design is theoretical until actually built. Every invention was previously just a theory of a working thing, including flying machines, super tall buildings, and homes that use no energy. Many if not all theoretical architects believe that their projects are viable solutions to problems and can (and should) be built. Theoretical architecture is design and building of the mind - on paper, a verbalization, a rendering, a sketch. Some of St.Florians early theoretical works are part of the Museum of Modern Arts (MoMAs) permanent Exhibitions Collections in New York City: 1966, Vertical City: a 300-story cylindrical city designed to take advantage of sunlight above the clouds - The regions beyond the clouds were designated for those most in need of light- hospitals, schools, and the elderly - which could be continually provided by solar technology. 1968, New York Birdcage-Imaginary Architecture: spaces that become real and active only when in use; As in solid, earthbound architecture, each room is a dimensional space, with a floor, a ceiling, and walls, but it has no physical structure; existing only when drawn by the moving airplane, it depends entirely upon the airplanes presence and on the pilots and air-traffic controllers consciousness of designated coordinates. 1974, Himmelbelt: a four-poster bed (a Himmelbelt), set upon a polished stone foundation and beneath a heavenly projection; described as the juxtaposition between real physical space and the imaginary realm of dreams Fast Facts About the WWII Memorial Friedrich St.Florians winning design balances classical and modernist styles of architecture... states the National Park Service website, and celebrates the victory of the greatest generation. Dedicated: May 29, 2004Location: Washington, D.C. Constitution Gardens area of the National Mall, in the vicinity of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial and the Korean War Veterans MemorialConstruction Materials:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Granite - approximately 17,000 individual stones from South Carolina, Georgia, Brazil, North Carolina, and California  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bronze sculpting  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stainless steel starsSymbolism of Stars: 4,048 gold stars, each symbolize 100 American military dead and missing, representing more than 400,000 of the 16 million who servedSymbolism of Granite Columns: 56 individual pillars, each represent a state or territory of the U.S. during World War II; each pillar has two wreaths, a wheat wreath representing agriculture and an oak wreath symbolizing industry Sources Elements of the Vertical City by Bevin Cline and Tina di Carlo from The Changing of the Avant-Garde: Visionary Architectural Drawings from the Howard Gilman Collection, Terence Riley, ed., New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, p. 68 (online accessed November 26, 2012).Birdcage by Bevin Cline from Envisioning Architecture: Drawings from The Museum of Modern Art, Matilda McQuaid, ed., New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, p. 154 (online accessed November 26, 2012).Himmelbelt by Bevin Cline and Tina di Carlo from The Changing of the Avant-Garde: Visionary Architectural Drawings from the Howard Gilman Collection, Terence Riley, ed., New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2002, p. 127 (online accessed November 26, 2012).Frequently Asked Questions, History Culture, National Park Service Website. NPS website accessed November 18, 2012Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) Faculty Profile and Curriculum Vitae (PDF), accessed November 18, 2012; Design philosophy from www.fstflorian.com/ph ilosophy.html, accessed November 26, 2012. Getty Images from Mark Wilson and Chip Somodevilla; Library of Congress aerial image by Carol M. Highsmith

Pathogencity and Immuneology; Host resistence and the immune response Essay

Pathogencity and Immuneology; Host resistence and the immune response - Essay Example The virulence, resistance and the antigenicity of the microorganism are the most important in my view to determine the spread and severity of the disease that it may cause Virulence of an agent is very important when determining the infection that a certain microorganism is able to cause. Certain agents are highly virulent whereas some of them not virulent because of which they do not cause diseases that can be life threatening. In a community it is necessary that measures are taken by the authorities to ensure that the highly virulent strains do not harm the people in anyway. The resistance of an agent which causes disease is also important in determining its effect on the human beings. If an agent is resistant to environmental conditions then it is possible that it can survive the latest of the antibiotics and this would cause havoc in the human society. Diseases can get severe and life threatening if the resistance of a strain is high. Some of the strains of agents get resistant to antibiotics and adverse environmental conditions because of the continuous exposure to them and hence the authorities should ensure that this practice does not prevail in the community. Lastly the antigenicity of an agent is a factor which helps to determine whether an agent would be able to cause the same disease in the community or not. Some strains have a high antigenicity because of which they can be destroyed immediately while some of the strains have low antigenicity. It is important to determine the antigenicity of an agent so that it can be confirmed that the disease may or may not be caused again. If the antigenicity of an agent is low then the authorities should enhance the passive immunity of the people so that their immune system can fight off the agent. Infectivity is a measure of the ability of an agent to multiply and cause a disease. It is not considered to be important

Hospitality and Tourism Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Hospitality and Tourism Business - Essay Example Moreover, the industry also performs a key role in dealing with the aspect of unemployment all over the world by employing millions of people worldwide. In the contemporary context, the industry has undergone various noteworthy changes and its significance has reached a considerable level altogether (Barrows & Powers, 2008). It is apparent that the tourism and the hospitality industry have emerged as quite crucial with its presence being quite prominent all over the world. It is worth mentioning in this context that there are certain characteristics of this particular industry, which are observably unique and different from other industries upto a marginal extent. Some of the differing characteristics of this particular sector include its predominant nature of being a service industry although imbibing the characteristics of a product oriented industry as well, the labour intensive nature of this sector and the aspect of seasonality among others. All these facets are crucial for busi ness operating in this sector, with the purpose of devising their strategies ensuring sustainability in their operations (Tesone, 2012). Contextually, the primary intention of the discussion henceforth will be to analyse the characteristics of this particular sector in detail and recommend strategies to the small business units operating in this particular sector.... Over the years, the industry has expanded its presence extensively and has become a major contributor towards the development of the world economy. Arguably, the current prospects of the hospitality and tourism industry of the world have been in an ever rising mode and are expected to continue the same way in the near future. However, it is important to note that there are several reasons, which have contributed towards the immense growth of this particular industry in the recent years. Among the several factors, the uniqueness of the industry is one vital domain, where it excels evidently. Correspondingly, it is often argued that the hospitality and the tourism industry of the world are quite unique as it possesses certain characteristics that are quite different from other forms of industry to say the least (Brotherton, 2013). The hospitality and tourism industry is one of the few industries of the world, where the services provided to the customers are treated as the ultimate prod ucts; therefore making an initiative to mitigate the gaps and differences between product management principles and the notion of services management (Education Bureau, n.d.). Thus, the products offered to the customers in this particular sector are considered as intangible and perishable. The companies therefore strive to ensure effectiveness in their performance with the help of delivering efficient services to the customers, further ensuring maximum satisfaction from them. The primary emphasis of the business, in this particular sector, is therefore to develop the quality of the services in order to ensure a sustainable presence in the increasingly competitive environment, over a longer period of time (Vasile, 2009). Another unique characteristic of the

International Accounting Standard Individual Assignement Essay

International Accounting Standard Individual Assignement - Essay Example "Most other efforts to bring clean water to the underserved citizens had relied on volunteerism and had ultimately failed. Those efforts were not market-based and proved to be unsustainable" Kaputt said. MIBW4A established a strong and mutually profitable partnership with the water vendors to help in the distribution of low salt level drinking water to the consumers (Salzman, 2012, p.5). Profitability: To create a sustainable business enterprise with a potential of generating revues excess of the operational costs, and be able to finance future growth. In addition, the company aims at establishing itself by developing quality brands, popular among its consumers. Community Building: MIBW4A would employ and hire technical and casual staff to service their water filters and serve the vendors or other distributors. Besides, the company will focus on community educational programs about benefits of consuming clean water. Corporate Social Responsibility - Environment: MIBW4A will bear the cost of externalities incurred in the process of boiling the water, by ensuring reduced deforestation (popularly associated with charcoal burning). This would be attained by reducing the demand and need for bottled and bagged water, which potentially pollutes and litter the environment. With a daily average of 150-350 venders, the company estimated that each consumer will need at least 1 litre clean drinking water on a daily basis. Within the first year, the company planned to acquire 50 water filters. By the end of three years of operation, MIBW4A estimates their customer base to reach 3000, thus calling for acquisition of more filters in the subsequent years. After conducting an extensive market research, MIBW4A introduced its purified water products priced at USD 0.08 per litre. By only attracting 12% of the potential consumers, the company estimated daily average sales of 450,000 litres of clean

The Romantic Periods Trends English Literature Essay

The Romantic Periods Trends English Literature Essay The Romantic Period 1798-1830 refers to a number of different groups of artists, poets, writers and musicians as well as political, theoretical and societal theorists and trends of the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Europe. Whilst the Enlightenment put emphasis on the pre-eminence of rationale, Romanticism accentuated imagination and sensation. Romanticism rarely has anything to do with things generally considered to be romantic, even though it is possible that love could sometimes be the topic of Romantic art. To a larger extent it is a Western creative and philosophical revolution that redefined the principal ways in which people examined themselves and the world in which they lived. It was during this time that imagination was believed to be the most significant element of the mind; that the imagination is the single most powerful instrument of mankind and that through its use there was no difficulty in life that could not be overcome. This was in direct contradiction with the per-eminence for reason and differentiates the Romantic Period from that which went before. It was a dramatic shift in human understanding one that would eventually lead to the Modernist and Post-Modernist periods and inspire the thinking of later writers such as Williams and Ginsberg. However this fundamental shift in personal values and beliefs may have in part been sculpted by the industrial revolution itself. It could be argued that people who had previously left the countryside to work in the cities had essentially created a living space in the countryside that enabled Romantic style poets and artists to re-evaluate the importance and beauty of the natural landscape that surrounded th em. Wordsworth in his preface to Lyrical Ballads attempts to explain to his readers the techniques he employs when writing his poetry. Wordsworths principal objective was to choose incidents and situations from common life to write about. He wanted to use language that was used ordinarily by men and; at the same time throw over them a certain colouring of imagination. (Wordsworth 1800 p. 2). He believed that by surrounding himself with the countryside he was better able to bring his poems to completion as they; find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity. (Wordsworth 1800 p. 2). He defined poetry as the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings. However he developed an ethos for writing not normally not associated with the word spontaneous. Wordsworth believed that powerful emotions recalled after the event which inspired them are in fact a truer representation of the feelings that were experienced at the time. That is; a period of speculative thought and reflection is nec essary after the time in which the emotions were experienced, coupled with continuing influxes of feeling, modified by our thoughts within that speculative time frame, thus enables the poet to present a more accurate description of the experience as it actually occurred. Nature itself became an expression of art for the romantics, they believed in the divine beauty of the countryside and marked a step away form forms of industrialisation, including industrialised civilisation, mechanical language and a return to nature as a naturally combined spiritual and organic pursuit. Percy Bysshe Shelly described a poem as; the image of life expressed in its eternal truth. (Shelly English Essays 1909). When we examine this statement there would appear to be two factors that must be acknowledged, firstly the image of life that Shelly refers to is not the image of life appertained to by for instance neoclassical painters whose rigidity and unemotional form of art was not intended to include symbolism, inventiveness, self-expression or personal inspiration. Conversely Shellys aim was to portray an image of life that was based solely on the; Unchangeable forms of human nature as existing in the mind of the creator. Another factor of Shellys poetry was his idea that to truly express an image of life it must be done so in its eternal truth. He believed that to describe an image solely as it exists in the mind of the observer was to describe it in such a way that it was automatically recognisable in its truest form in the mind of the reader. Shelly inevitably suggests t hat there is a universal truth to poetry that recognises a familiarity between what is being described by the poet and the personal day to day experiences of the reader. This proverbial connection between reader and poet is achieved according to Shelly because poetry acts in a divine and unapprehended manner beyond and above consciousness. (Shelly English Essays 1909). When writing to his brothers George and Tom, the poet John Keats discussed his theory of Negative Capability. It is described in his letter; I mean Negative Capability that is when man is capable of being in uncertainties, mysteries [and] doubts without any irritable reaching after fact reason. (Keats 1818). Although Keats does not in any great depth discuss instances in which negative capability exists other than referencing Shakespeare, we are able to establish from this statement an interpretation of what he was talking about. Firstly if we look at the idea; that a man is capable of being even in uncertainties, it is revealed to us that the state of being in which a man exists does not have to rely on fact or reason, rather that it exists within a reality that responds to events and forces that are unseen and indeterminable. With this in mind Keats believed that poetry and all art was devoid of rationality. He believed that poets and great artists were directly relaying the voice of God to the world and that this could be seen in their work. Therefore any attempt to interpret reason and significance from poetry and thus life, was impossible. This idea can be likened to A Priory thinking, whereby one does not need to experience something or look for scientific evidence to ascertain if something, whether in poetry of real life is true, but simply to accept that it is true and leave it at that. This technique was also employed by the poet William Carlos Williams a century later to great effect in the poem The Red Wheelbarrow. The idea of Negative Capability can also be likened to those of the philosopher Immanuel Kant who believed that the larger questions of exploratory metaphysics cannot be understood nor answered by the human mind, because the laws and scientific reasoning used to raise these questions rest within the metaphysical boundaries of human consciousness. Keats believed that the truths that were to be found within the human imagination had access to divine knowledge. Such knowledge, he believed could not be interpreted or understood by the human mind and thus he writes of the existence of uncertainties within poetry and thus reality. Therefore being in uncertainty is in fact being in a place that lies between the ordinary day to day reality of the world as we experience it and the multiple potential realities that exist outside our physical understanding of how things are; As to the poetical character itself(à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦)it has no self, it is everything and nothing, it has no character, it enjoys light and shade, it lives in gusto be it foul or fair, high or low, rich or poor, mean or elevated, it has as much delight in perceiving an Iago as an Imogen. (Keats 1818 Letter to Richard Woodhouse). Keats J. 1818 Letter to Richard Woodhouse: EN125: Literary Periods Literary History, Dr. Riana ODwyer. Keats J. 1818 Letter to George and Tom Keats: EN125: Literary Periods Literary History, Dr. Riana ODwyer. Shelly P.B. 1909 English Essays: Sidney to Macaulay: The Harvard Classics. New York: P.F. Collier Son, 1909-14; Bartleby.com, 2001. Wordsworth W. 1800 Preface to Lyrical Ballads 2nd Edition: The Harvard Classics. New York: P.F. Collier Son, 1909-14; Bartleby.com, 2001.

The Chesapeake and New England Colonies: A Comparison :: American America History

The Chesapeake and New England Colonies: A Comparison During the late 16th century and into the 17th century, European nations rapidly colonized the newly discovered Americas. England in particular sent out numerous groups to the eastern coast of North America to two regions. These two regions were known as the Chesapeake and the New England areas. Later, in the late 1700's, these two areas would bond to become one nation. Yet from the very beginnings, both had very separate and unique identities. These differences, though very numerous, spurred from one major factor: the very reason the settlers came to the New World. This affected the colonies in literally every way, including economically, socially, and politically. The Chesapeake region of the colonies included Virginia, Maryland, the New Jerseys (both East and West) and Pennsylvania. In 1607, Jamestown, the first English colony in the New World (that is, the first to thrive and prosper), was founded by a group of 104 settlers to a peninsula along the James River. These settlers hoped to find gold, silver, a northwest passage to Asia, a cure for syphilis, or any other valuables they might take back to Europe and make a profit. Lead by Captain John Smith, who "outmaneuvered other members of the colony's ruling and took ruthlessly took charge" (Liberty Equality Power, p. 57), a few lucky members of the original voyage survived. These survivors turned to the local Powhatan Indians, who taught them the process of corn- and tobacco-growing. These staple-crops flourished throughout all five of these colonies. New England was north of the Chesapeake, and included Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Haven (which soon became part of Connecticut). The New Englanders were largely Puritan Separatists, who sought religious freedom. When the Church of England separated from Catholicism under Henry VIII, Protestantism flourished in England. Some Protestants, however, wanted complete separation from Catholicism and embraced Calvinism. These "Separatists" as they were called, along with persecuted Catholics who had not joined the Church of England, came to New England in hopes of finding this religious freedom where they would be free to practice as they wished. Their motives were, thus, religious in nature, not economic. In fact, New England settlers reproduced much of England's economy, with only minor variations. They did not invest largely in staple crops, instead, relied on artisan-industries like carpentry, shipbuilding, and printing. The Chesapeake and New England attracted different types of settlers and, by 1700, the populations differed enormously.

Sequence involves patterns Essay

Beginning to realise others are separate beings from themselves, imitates others and tries out ways of behaving in play.   Babbling sounds begin,laugh and chuckle to show enjoyment.   Recognise familiar people at 6 metres, drops toys deliberately and pick them up.   Sort object s by size and type,understand two or three simple things to do at once.   Developing ability to think abstractly, can question sources of information. Fluent speaker, increasing use of peer influenced. Adolescence from 13 – 19 years discuss the following terms and complete a defination for each of them. Sequence of development. Sequence means the definite pattern to a child developing example toddler being able to walk before they can run. Some aspects of developments follow a definite sequence like physical development of babies learn to lift their heads before they can sit . A new baby development may begin with rolling over then sit up, crawl , walk , run. Another may do it differently, even though elements are missed the development still proceeds in an expected pattern. Sequence involves patterns and an order of development linked to body, mobility , and intellectual growth. It can also be defined as how things happened in an expected order example breastfed, weaned, full meals, lie, sit , crawl etc. Sequence of development is the order that a child develops but this can vary in each child. One child may start with rolling over then sit up, then crawl and then start wal king but another child may just sit up, then crawl and then start walking. Rate of development rate means the speed in which a child develops, rate involves a time frame linked to age. One baby may achieve walking unaided at ten months another may accomplish it at twelve months. Rate is what happens at one year old , twenty four months , and seven years etc. Recording the rate of developments can help you to identify any concerns that one may have with any child. The rate of development is the pace that a child develops at, this can be the pace within each sequence or the pace overall and goes to cover all the set areas or periods in between or altogether in sequences. Why is the difference between the sequence of development and rate of development important?. Sequence of development and rate of development are important as it helps in the development from mental to physical and emotional. If one of them is missed or slow it can be a cause for concern and may lead to a child being given special attention . They are both used to measure the development of children, although all children will develop at different rates and at different sequence , it helps to check if something is going wrong. It also helps to provide a picture that can measure where a child might be in need of support. Bibilogaphy www.blurtit.com/q6865758.html www.studymode.com/essays www.antiessays.com/free-essays/442524.html www.silkysteps.com/forum/showthreads.php?t=12275

History of Bar Code and Bernard Silver

History of Bar Code and Bernard Silver What is a bar code? It is a  method of automatic identification and data collection. History of Bar Codes The first patent for a bar code type product (US Patent #2,612,994) was issued to inventors Joseph Woodland and Bernard Silver on October 7, 1952. The Woodland and Silver bar code can be described as a bulls eye symbol, made up of a series of concentric circles. In 1948, Bernard Silver was a graduate student at Drexel Institute of Technology in Philadelphia. A local food chain store owner had made an inquiry to the Drexel Institute asking about research into a method of automatically reading product information during checkout. Bernard Silver joined together with fellow graduate student Norman Joseph Woodland to work on a solution. Woodlands first idea was to use ultraviolet light sensitive ink. The team built a working prototype but decided that the system was too unstable and expensive. They went back to the drawing board. On October 20, 1949, Woodland and Silver filed their patent application for the Classifying Apparatus and Method, describing their invention as article classification...through the medium of identifying patterns. Commercial Use of Bar Codes Bar code was first used commercially in 1966, however, it was soon realized that there would have to be some sort of industry standard set. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code or UGPIC was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The first company to produce bar code equipment for retail trade use (using UGPIC) was the American company Monarch Marking in 1970, and for industrial use, the British company Plessey Telecommunications was also first in 1970. UGPIC evolved into the U.P.C. symbol set or Universal Product Code, which is still used in the United States. George J. Laurer is considered the inventor of U.P.C. or Uniform Product Code, which was invented in 1973. In June of 1974, the first U.P.C. scanner was installed at a Marshs supermarket in Troy, Ohio. The first product to have a bar code included was a packet of Wrigleys Gum.

Ethopoeia Definition and Examples in Rhetoric

Ethopoeia Definition and Examples in Rhetoric In classical rhetoric, ethopoeia means to put  oneself in the place of another so as to both understand and express his or her feelings more vividly. Ethopoeia is one  of the rhetorical exercises known as the  progymnasmata. Also called impersonation. Adjective: ethopoetic. From the point of view of a speechwriter, says  James J. Murphy, [e]thopoeia  is the ability to capture the ideas, words, and style of delivery suited to the person for whom the address is written. Even more so,  ethopoeia  involves adapting the speech to the exact conditions under which it is to be spoken (A Synoptic History of Classical Rhetoric, 2014). Commentary Ethopoeia was one of the earliest rhetorical techniques that the Greeks named; it denoted the constructionor simulationof character in discourse, and was particularly apparent in the art of logographers, or speechwriters, who worked usually for those who had to defend themselves in court. A successful logographer, like Lysias, could create in a prepared speech an effective character for the accused, who would actually speak the words (Kennedy 1963, pp. 92, 136) . . .. Isocrates, the great teacher of rhetoric, noted that a speakers character was an important contribution to the persuasive effect of the speech. (Carolyn R. Miller, Writing in a Culture of Simulation. Towards a Rhetoric of Everyday Life, ed. by M. Nystrand and J. Duffy. University of Wisconsin Press, 2003) Two Kinds ofEthopoeia There are two kinds of  ethopoeia. One is a description of a characters moral and psychological characteristics; in this sense, it is a characteristic feature of portrait writing. . . . It can also be used as an argumentational strategy. In this sense ethopoeia involves putting oneself into someone elses shoes and imagining the feelings of the other person. (Michael Hawcroft,  Rhetoric: Readings in French Literature. Oxford University Press, 1999)   Ethopoeia in ShakespearesHenry IV, Part 1 Do thou stand for me, and Ill play my father... [T]here is a devil haunts thee, in the likeness of a fat old man; a tun of man is thy companion. Why dost thou converse with that trunk of humours, that bolting hutch of beastliness, that swolln parcel of dropsies, that huge bombard of sack, that stuffed cloak-bag of guts, that roasted Manningtree ox with the pudding in his belly, that reverend Vice, that grey Iniquity, that father Ruffian, that Vanity in years? Wherein is he good, but to taste sack and drink it? (Prince Hal impersonating his father, the king, while Falstaffthe fat old manassumes the role of Prince Hal in Act II, Scene iv, of Henry IV, Part 1 by William Shakespeare)   Ethopoeia in Film By leaving out of the frame what a person cannot or does not see, and including only what he can or does, we are putting ourselves in his placethe figure ethopoeia. It is, when seen in another way, an ellipsis, the one that always lurks behind our backs... Philip Marlowe is sitting in his office, looking out of the window. The camera retreats from his back to bring in a shoulder, head, and hat of Moose Malloy, and as it does, something prompts Marlowe to turn his head. He and we become aware of Moose at the same time (Murder My Sweet, Edward Dmytryk)...The leaving out of the frame something expected in the normal course of events, or conversely, including the unusual, is a sign that what we are seeing may only exist in the awareness of one of the characters, projected into the world outside. (​N. Roy Clifton, The Figure in Film. Associated University Presses, 1983) Further Reading Ethopoeia in George Orwells A HangingProsopopoeiaCharacterEkphrasisIdentificationMimesisPersonaPersonificationWhat Are the Progymnasmata?

New Christian Right in US Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

New Christian Right in US Politics - Essay Example 29, 2011). Despite the fact that these campaigners looked like their republican as well as autonomous corresponding persons in quite a lot of respects, the representatives with Christian Right ties were not mainly successful and were unsuccessful to form an operational coalition with the majority republicans on the mission. The centre of the crisis was the continuance by the communal traditionalists of a ‘foreigner’ point of view that toughened their pedant point of reference to civic dealings (Culver & Dorhauer, p. 43, 2007). The Christian Right has attained considerable representation within American communal life. Even though this sort of demonstration may have presented significant representative advantages, the force to protect public agency was acceptable as the way towards putting a stop. The objective of the Christian Right, stating generally, has been to alter American public strategy in the way of what are known as family or conventional standards. Despite the fact that researchers have collected many statistics on the communal as well as electoral foundation of the faction, they have given very small amount of facts with reference to its impact on civic strategy (Ishay, p. 59, 2008). The fundamental issue is whether Christian Right leaders have made an unbeaten shift from ‘foreigner’ to ‘insider politics’, or if they stay traditionalists who have yet to change completely to the traditions of politics. The coalition between right-wing religious conviction and traditionalist politics had an extensive derivation in American political life, and the alliance would grow so long as it carried on to provide the concerns of both accomplices. Subsequent to a series of strategy failures throughout the presidency of its former enthusiast, the movement appeared to fall apart during the 1988 drive for the Republican presidential selection (Meyers, p. 193, 2006). As a number of the original tycoons who had driven the movement stepped out of political activities, quite a lot of researchers were fast to mark obituaries with reference to this latest fatality of America's determinedly incremental political structure. At base, the conversion of the Christian Right portrayed by supporters of the next generation concerned the progress grip on pluralism. In the pluralist assumption of American politics, the utter variety of clusters functional within the political structure mainly prevents fundamental alteration. In the pluralist point of view, the structure progresses by small strides, motivated mainly by stress from groups that can create a centre of attention for adequate supporters by logrolling as well as vote trading to make short-lived common coalitions. Faced with this cruel truth, movements that come into politics, in search for radical change have to reconcile instead for additional modification by implementing the standards of alliance formation as well as conciliation (Butler, p. 193, 2006). For that to take place, non-transferable requirements have to be substituted by negotiating as well as by taking trade-offs into consideration. The substitute is marginalization along with the political wilderness. NEW CHRISTIAN RIGHT At its core, the Christian Right was the interest group of ethical re-establishment that recognized settled as a ‘give in’

Health Risks Associated with VOC's and are Alternative Compounds Essay

Health Risks Associated with VOC's and are Alternative Compounds Readily Avaialable in Residential Building Use - Essay Example ompounds are gasoline, formaldehyde, benzene, and solvents such as toluene, xylene and tetra-chloroethylene, which is the main solvent used in drycleaning.(www.toxtown.nlm.nih.gov). Volatile Organic Compounds used in building materials are frequent indoor air pollutants. According to Meininghaus et al (2000), certain materials that are present indoors can function as buffers which may reduce the peak concentrations but prolong the presence of the compounds in the air. A two flow system was used in this study to allow direct observation of mass flow across materials. The results in this study showed that diffusion through materials can reduce the room air concentrations, which can affect ventilation requirements. However, VOC levels in indoor air is an important issue of indoor air pollution because most humans spend an average amount of 90% of their time indoors.(Klepeis et al, 2001). Studies show that concentrations of VOCs are typically higher indoors than outdoors and building characteristics can influence the relevant levels.(Wallace, 2001). VOCs are an important category of indoor and outdoor pollutant, although they do not last as long outside because they are easily broken down by microorganisms and sunlight. However, die to their ubiquitous nature, VOCs from indoor sources such as chloroform, p-dichlorobenzene, d-limonene, ÃŽ ±- and ÃŽ ²-pinene are associated with long term health risks.(Pratt et al 2000; Woodruf et al 1998). While the cumulative risks that accrue from long term exposure to multiple VOCs remains indeterminate, the Eleventh Report on Carcinogens which is published by the National Toxicology program identifies damages to the liver, kidneys and the central system in the long term (www.toxtown.nlm.nih.gov). Studies have also shown that several types of cancers as well as cardiovascular and neurological diseases have been reported as adverse health effects of exposure to VOC, either through inhalation or through the presence of VOC’s in

Comparing and contrasting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Comparing and contrasting - Essay Example More specifically, the paper will focus on separation of powers, federalism, parliamentary sovereignty, bicameralism, bill of rights, heads of power, control of finances, and power of the electorate among others. One of the most crucial aspect of both the United States and Australian Constitution is Federalism. This aspect refers to the sharing of powers between the state and national governments. In the United States, state have existed for a long time. They were formed before the national government and it is their union that led to the creation of the federal government. Under the federal system of governance, the United States Constitution holds that the federal government has the power to oversee issues that affect America as a nation. Thus, national issues are dealt with by the federal government. The state governments only deal with issues within their jurisdiction. Under the constitution, the federal government has powers to make laws that affect the entire nation. However, the constitution limits these powers. For example, trading activities between states can be regulated by the federal government, but it has no powers to influence trade occurring within a state (Zines, 2008). The United States Constitution is similar to the Australian Constitution, which is also based on the federal system. Power is divided between the state and Federal government. The federation was formed in 1901. In Australia, there are six states. Since Australia is governed by the laws of the Commonwealth, the government is also referred as the Commonwealth government. The powers of the Federal government in Australia have been clearly indicated in Section 51 of the Australian Constitution. Most financial decisions, including those affecting the individual states, are made by the central government. Although the federal structure makes the United States Constitution similar to the Australian Constitution, there are differences in that the United States has more

Black Cat Essay Example for Free

Black Cat Essay In Poes The Black Cat, the cat acts as an instrument of justice. The story illustrates that the narrator tortures his pets. Moreover, he kills his wife and the black cat brutally. He tries his best to hide the dead body of his wife. But when the second cat screams and reveals the body to the police officers , it brought about justice to narrators wife and all those animals whom narrator had tortured. Thus the cat indirectly punishes the narrator by revealing the dead body of his wife to the corps. To begin with, the narrator is portrayed as an evil-doer in the story and he deserves punishment for his crimes. For example, the he begins to suffer violent mood swings under the influence of alcohol.He takes to mistreating not only other animals but also his wife. During this uncontrollable rage he spares only Pluto(the black cat). One night when Pluto bites his hand, he cuts out one of the cats eyes. This shows his vengeful behaviour. He keeps on committing wrong just for the sake of wrong. Then, one night he hangs the cat from a tree , where it dies.Furthermore,one day when narrator and his wife are visiting the cellar , the second cat gets under his feet and nearly trips him down the stairs . In a fury, the man grabs an axe and tries to kill the cat but is stopped by his wife. Enraged, he kills her with the axe instead. These actions of narrator throw light upon his merciless and cruel nature. Moreover , he tries to escape from punishment and hides the dead body. Thus, the action of the cat in the end of the story is completely justified. In conclusion, the second cat ultimately serves as the facilitator of justice when it reveals the corpses hiding place at the end of tale. Its initial appearance on the top of a hogstead of rum emphasizes its moral purpose.

Comercio Electrónico

Comercio Electrà ³nico Este trabajo hablara sobre el desenvolvimiento del Comercio Electrà ³nico evidencia en los tiempos actuales, que comprende un instrumento cuyo crecimiento es impresionante, sobre los cuales es necesario tomar control que resguarde el desarrollo de la actividad Comercial que allà ­ se efectà ºa. El interà ©s que surja y se establezcan parà ¡metros controladores en beneficio de quienes forman parte de la actividad; es decir, tanto demandantes como comerciantes de bienes y servicios, asà ­ como de los agentes recaudadores de impuestos a la actividad comercial quienes determinan como usuarios las necesidades reales han de tomarse en cuenta para orientar el diseà ±o de la plataforma tecnolà ³gica sobre la cual opera estas actividades destinadas al Comercio, aun cuando los fabricantes de las tecnologà ­as han dado muestras fehacientes del perfeccionamiento en cuanto operatividad; sin embargo, en la actualidad se ha incrementado en el ciberespacio (escenario de la actividad comerc ial), un gran nà ºmero de fraudes que van en detrimento de quienes operan comercialmente a travà ©s de este medio, aà ºn cuando el espacio de la operacià ³n es virtual, los delitos o fraudes que ocurren en à ©l son reales. DESARROLLO En la actualidad la informatizacià ³n se ha implantado en casi todos los paà ­ses. Tanto en la organizacià ³n y administracià ³n de empresas y administraciones pà ºblicas como en la investigacià ³n cientà ­fica, en la produccià ³n industrial o en el estudio, e incluso en el ocio, el uso de la informà ¡tica es en ocasiones indispensable y hasta conveniente. Sin embargo, junto a las incuestionables ventajas que presenta comienzan a surgir algunas facetas negativas, como por ejemplo, lo que ya se conoce como criminalidad informà ¡tica. El espectacular desarrollo de la tecnologà ­a informà ¡tica ha abierto las puertas a nuevas posibilidades de delincuencia antes impensables. La manipulacià ³n fraudulenta de los ordenadores con à ¡nimo de lucro, la destruccià ³n de programas o datos y el acceso y la utilizacià ³n indebida de la informacià ³n que puede afectar la esfera de la privacidad, son algunos de los procedimientos relacionados con el procesamiento electrà ³nico de datos mediante los cuales es posible obtener grandes beneficios econà ³micos o causar importantes daà ±os materiales o morales. Pero no sà ³lo la cuantà ­a de los perjuicios asà ­ ocasionados es a menudo infinitamente superior a la que es usual en la delincuencia tradicional, sino que tambià ©n son mucho mà ¡s elevadas las posibilidades que no lleguen a descubrirse. Se trata de una delincuencia de especialistas capaces muchas veces de borrar toda huella de los hechos. En este sentido, la informà ¡tica puede ser el objeto del ataque o el medio para cometer otros delitos. La informà ¡tica reà ºne unas caracterà ­sticas que la convierten en un medio idà ³neo para la comisià ³n de muy distintas modalidades delictivas, en especial de carà ¡cter patrimonial (estafas, apropiaciones indebidas, etc.). La idoneidad proviene, bà ¡sicamente, de la gran cantidad de datos que se acumulan, con la consiguiente facilidad de acceso a ellos y la relativamente fà ¡cil manipulacià ³n de esos datos. La importancia reciente de los sistemas de datos, por su gran incidencia en la marcha de las empresas, tanto pà ºblicas como privadas, los ha transformado en un objeto cuyo ataque provoca un perjuicio enorme, que va mucho mà ¡s allà ¡ del valor material de los objetos destruidos. A ello se une que estos ataques son relativamente fà ¡ciles de realizar, con resultados altamente satisfactorios y al mismo tiempo procuran a los autores una probabilidad bastante alta de alcanzar los objetivos sin ser descubiertos. El estudio de los distintos mà ©todos de destruccià ³n y/o violacià ³n del hardware y el software es necesario en orden a determinar cuà ¡l serà ¡ la direccià ³n que deberà ¡ seguir la proteccià ³n jurà ­dica de los sistemas informà ¡ticos, ya que sà ³lo conociendo el mecanismo de estos mà ©todos es posible encontrar las similitudes y diferencias que existen entre ellos. De este modo se pueden conocer los problemas que es necesario soslayar para conseguir una proteccià ³n jurà ­dica eficaz sin caer en la casuà ­stica. En consecuencia, la legislacià ³n sobre proteccià ³n de los sistemas informà ¡ticos ha de perseguir acercarse lo mà ¡s posible a los distintos medios de proteccià ³n ya existentes, creando una nueva regulacià ³n sà ³lo en aquellos aspectos en los que, en base a las peculiaridades del objeto de proteccià ³n, sea imprescindible. Si se tiene en cuenta que los sistemas informà ¡ticos, pueden entregar datos e informaciones sobre miles de personas, naturales y jurà ­dicas, en aspectos tan fundamentales para el normal desarrollo y funcionamiento de diversas actividades como bancarias, financieras, tributarias, provisionales y de identificacià ³n de las personas. Y si a ello se agrega que existen Bancos de Datos, empresas o entidades dedicadas a proporcionar, si se desea, cualquier informacià ³n, sea de carà ¡cter personal o sobre materias de las mà ¡s diversas disciplinas a un Estado o particulares; se comprenderà ¡ que està ¡n en juego o podrà ­an llegar a estarlo de modo dramà ¡tico, algunos valores colectivos y los consiguientes bienes jurà ­dicos que el ordenamiento jurà ­dico-institucional debe proteger. No es la amenaza potencial de la computadora sobre el individuo lo que provoca desvelo, sino la utilizacià ³n real por el hombre de los sistemas de informacià ³n con fines de espionaje. No son los grandes sistemas de informacià ³n los que afectan la vida privada sino la manipulacià ³n o el consentimiento de ello, por parte de individuos poco conscientes e irresponsables de los datos que dichos sistemas contienen. La humanidad no esta frente al peligro de la informà ¡tica sino frente a la posibilidad real de que individuos o grupos sin escrà ºpulos, con aspiraciones de obtener el poder que la informacià ³n puede conferirles, la utilicen para satisfacer sus propios intereses, a expensas de las libertades individuales y en detrimento de las personas. Asimismo, la amenaza futura serà ¡ directamente proporcional a los adelantos de las tecnologà ­as informà ¡ticas. La proteccià ³n de los sistemas informà ¡ticos puede abordarse tanto desde una perspectiva penal como de una perspectiva civil o comercial, e incluso de derecho administrativo. Estas distintas medidas de proteccià ³n no tienen porque ser excluyentes unas de otras, sino que, por el contrario, à ©stas deben estar estrechamente vinculadas. Por eso, dadas las caracterà ­sticas de esta problemà ¡tica sà ³lo a travà ©s de una proteccià ³n global, desde los distintos sectores del ordenamiento jurà ­dico, es posible alcanzar una cierta eficacia en la defensa de los ataques a los sistemas informà ¡ticos. Objetivo General: Acceder a un conjunto de nociones, conceptos e informaciones diversas, que permita la exploracià ³n de la realidad del comportamiento de la actividad comercial dentro de la Red, midiendo el efecto que tal actividad ejerce en la sociedad y en forma individual y en especial, cuando son objeto de fraudes en la realizacià ³n de las actividades; a travà ©s de una metodologà ­a seleccionada y asà ­ entender los orà ­genes, causa y consecuencias del fraude electrà ³nico, y los delitos y abusos que ocurren en la Internet. Objetivos: Determinar las condiciones necesarias para el establecimiento de la actividad comercial en red, que permita una actividad segura, sin riesgos desde el punto de vista jurà ­dico. Conocer las variables dependientes e interdependientes que inciden en el proceso de la comercializacià ³n on line, que permita de deteccià ³n y lucha contra los delitos electrà ³nicos. Conocer el impacto que tienen en la sociedad y en el individuo el manejo y la ejecucià ³n de actividades de tipo comercial a travà ©s de la red. Evaluar y entender la tecnologà ­a utilizada en la plataforma operativa, software y hardware como medio de ejecucià ³n, para la comprensià ³n del delito electrà ³nico. CONCLUSION Despues de haber comprender las particularidades reales del problema, su entorno, dimensià ³n, asà ­ como el conocimiento holà ­stico de los demà ¡s elementos evidenciados en el marco teà ³rico concluir con aproximacià ³n a un tema de gran interà ©s y de preocupacià ³n, se puede seà ±alar que dado el carà ¡cter transnacional de los delitos informà ¡tico cometidos esto implica actividades criminales que no se contemplan en las figuras tradicionales como robos, hurtos, falsificaciones, estafa, sabotaje, etc. Sin embargo, debe destacarse que el uso de las tà ©cnicas informà ¡ticas ha creado nuevas posibilidades del uso indebido de computadoras lo que ha propiciado a su vez la necesidad de regulacià ³n por parte del derecho. Universidad Iberoamericana UNIBE Administracià ³n de empresas Jonathan Sanchez Mat. 10-0476 Introduccion a la TIC 2ndo Parcial Jonathan Antonio Sanchez Pena Primera terraza del arroyo num. 37, cuesta Hermosa 2 arroyo hondo. Tel. 809-567-4704, Cel. 809-917-1231 Personal: Fecha de nac: 24 de oct del 1990 Nacionalidad: Dominicana Cedula: 001-1861213-4 Educacion: Colegio San Judas Tadeo Universidad Unibe Administracion de empresas 2do semestre Idiomas: Espanol Ingles Experiencia Laboral: Hotel Jaragua Campamento Comatillo/ monitor Plaza Lama/ vendedor Referencias: Piroska Ordehi: 809.986.4556 Gianfranco Torino: 809-532-6161 INDICE Pag.1.. Introduccion Pag.2-5 . Desarrollo Pag. 6 .. Conclusion Pag.7 .. Internetgrafia INTERNETGRAFIA http://www.myownbusiness.org/espanol/s9/ http://www.seic.gov.do/baseConocimiento/TLCEEUU%20DRCAFTA/Texto%20del%20Tratado%20en%20Espaà ±ol/Capà ­tulo%2014.%20Comercio%20Electrà ³nico/DR-CAFTA%20Capà ­tulo%2014.%20Comercio%20Electrà ³nico.pdf